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/Title ([squat!net] - Cracking the Movement - Once in Motion...)
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( On the ) Tj
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(Move) Tj
/R8 11 Tf
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(At the second resquat of the Vogelstruys in September 1980, a banner reading \273Squatting goes on\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 653.3 Tm
(went up. When the squatters were evicted the next day, those who had gathered in response to the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 640.1 Tm
(alarm quickly dispersed throughout the city. Small groups of people trekked through the city center,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 626.9 Tm
(setting a fire here, smashing a window there. Sometimes their paths crossed by chance. The coining of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 613.7 Tm
(the \273goes on\253 slogan literally coincided with the disintegration of the squat ) Tj
1 0 0 1 404.64 613.7 Tm
(movement.) Tj
/R8 13.2 Tf
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( The move to the city ) Tj
/R8 11 Tf
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(Michiel: \273I think for us the Vondelstraat was the break between neighborhood and city. Till then we) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 541.5 Tm
(were united as a squatters' group, with the same experiences, the same history and because of that the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 528.3 Tm
(same standpoint. Because of the amazing speed of events people were going through different things,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 515.1 Tm
(because they were, or chose to be, in different places. In those days I was having so many intense) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 501.9 Tm
(experiences with others from outside my neighborhood, that they ended up being the people I stayed) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 488.7 Tm
(with. I had hardly any contact with my neighbors because I stayed closer to downtown. I saw a lot of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 475.5 Tm
(opportunities in the city and so I became very removed from the neighborhood. I did keep going to our) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 462.3 Tm
(local squat bar every night. But that was more to tell what was happening in the city and to ask if they) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 449.1 Tm
(wanted to join ) Tj
1 0 0 1 136.692 449.101 Tm
(in.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 424.901 Tm
(What is \273the city\253? Michiel: \273It has to do with switching over to involvement on a daily basis. In one) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 411.701 Tm
(neighborhood you just can't squat day in day out. Neighborhoods were mainly meeting points, control) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 398.501 Tm
(points, with lots of different types. Most people weren't on the dole back then either. Now, in the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 385.301 Tm
(1980s, there's a group that lives on it day by day. They all look for projects, for something to hold) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 372.101 Tm
(onto, with people they feel comfortable ) Tj
1 0 0 1 247.275 372.101 Tm
(with.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 347.901 Tm
(What was different about \273the city\253? Michiel: \273I remember we were talking after a Groote Keyser) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 334.701 Tm
(meeting in Cafe De Piepel. I overheard Hein talking to somebody, giving them a brief evaluation, and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 321.501 Tm
(he was using such military terminology: 'We've thrashed those guys, now we've just got to take these) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 308.301 Tm
(guys out. We'll tell the Indonesian District we've taken the mollies off the roof, that'll shut them up.') Tj
1 0 0 1 71 295.101 Tm
(We were absolutely naive about thinking in terms of power, idealistic we were. So it was) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 281.901 Tm
(disillusioning to realize others didn't think that way. Our opinion was that the neighborhoods should) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 268.701 Tm
(make the decisions. Right after the Vondelstraat Hein started organizing meetings, where he would) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 255.501 Tm
(unveil his plans for the coming months to about 25 important people from the neighborhoods. They) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 242.301 Tm
(had to discuss it in the neighborhoods, but they couldn't tell us everything because it might get leaked.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 229.101 Tm
(And then people had to be mobilized. There was a big revolt against this in the neighborhoods; 'Are) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 215.901 Tm
(we just supposed to carry out plans thought up by some vague mastermind?' That secret club did exist,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 202.701 Tm
(but just before an eviction or a big action, a 'SOK' was also called. We were for discussing plans at) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 189.501 Tm
(the SOK, so everyone would be in accord with it, without any lobbying going on in shady ) Tj
1 0 0 1 469.112 189.501 Tm
(circuits.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 165.301 Tm
(The SOK \(City Conference of Squat Groups\), an appelation handed down from earlier times, was a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 152.101 Tm
(name for the irregular and chaotic meetings that all the neighborhoods were invited to via the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 138.901 Tm
(emergency phone tree. In principle any squat or neighborhood could call a SOK. It was a place for) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 125.701 Tm
(proposing actions to other neighborhoods and dividing tasks: assembling crews for inside and outside) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 112.501 Tm
(a squat under siege, putting together a press group, making a poster, painting banners, rounding up) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 99.301 Tm
(materials, preparing for actions. It was not a central organ where a basic democratic decision process) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 86.101 Tm
(was implemented towards a longterm strategy. The idea was that neighborhoods and individual squats) Tj
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(would make their own decisions in each case how they would defend or attack, and this by definition) Tj
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(could not be surrendered to a higher ) Tj
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(power.) Tj
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(Michiel: \273The debates about democracy, the position of the neighborhood, those were actually a) Tj
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(bunch of bull, because it didn't matter what anyone said. Opposition to what was done on the city) Tj
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(level played no part. Events were so overwhelming, at the neighborhood meeting you couldn't get a) Tj
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(grip on what the next 'big action of the squat movement' would be. And that was the illusion. In our) Tj
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(experience, in our neighborhood, there was clearly a power center for the city and we weren't it. For a) Tj
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(few months it was mainly Hein and his cohorts who determined what the next action of the 'collected) Tj
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(Amsterdam squat groups' would be. But they too were overcome by things like April 30th, however) Tj
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(hard they had worked towards them. There's no way you could say they directed that or had it under) Tj
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(control. But no other organized group had so much power to bring about ) Tj
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(events.) Tj
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(I thought it was a kick that the events always just swept people away, but not everyone in the) Tj
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(neighborhood felt that way. There got to be a rift, because a lot of people were really seduced,) Tj
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(fascinated by what was happening, and wanted to be involved every time. After that the neighborhood) Tj
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(just fell apart. You had a nonviolent segment who just didn't want fuck-all to do with it anymore.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 523.8 Tm
(Those situations scared some people to death. And everyone just ended up in them; for a lot of people) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 510.6 Tm
(being a squatter wasn't a ) Tj
1 0 0 1 183.112 510.6 Tm
(choice.\253) Tj
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( Back to nature ) Tj
/R14 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 451.6 Tm
(Michiel: \273In our neighborhood we mainly had living cooperatives. From the moment the squatters') Tj
1 0 0 1 71 438.4 Tm
(bar opened, 60 or 70 of us were there almost every night. Squatting was over for us at the end of 1979,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 425.2 Tm
(because there were no boarded-up buildings left. The debate that came up afterwards at our) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 412.001 Tm
(neighborhood meetings in the 1980s revolved around the fact that half wanted to make sure city things) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 398.801 Tm
(didn't win out over the neighborhood struggle, while others wanted to work on a city-wide level. The) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 385.601 Tm
(heart of our organization had become city squatters, and because of that we weren't doing all the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 372.401 Tm
(things we used to in the neighborhood. There was a big group who wanted to get back to that, who) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 359.201 Tm
(kept seeing that as a problem - that you have to do things with the people you live with, with your) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 346.001 Tm
(neighborhood, with your immediate surroundings. That it's natural to organize yourselves as a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 332.801 Tm
(neighborhood in a city and not as squatters in a city. And if you did things that the neighbors didn't) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 319.601 Tm
(understand, that was wrong, and you had no chance of becoming strong, spreading out in the ) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 306.401 Tm
(neighborhood.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 282.201 Tm
(Then a house was squatted in the center of our neighborhood, so a neighborhood shop could be) Tj
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(opened in it, and this was done by squatters. Afterwards the construction workers and everyone went) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 255.801 Tm
(to stay in the building, while it was still squatted. They cancelled their leases on their own work spaces) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 242.601 Tm
(and all cooperated there with each ) Tj
1 0 0 1 224.34 242.601 Tm
(other.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 218.401 Tm
(From '81 on, whole squatted blocks grouped together to search for a house somewhere else, because) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 205.201 Tm
(demolition had begun; the bar was first. We never fought evictions. The neighborhood wanted new) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 192.001 Tm
(buildings, and if you opposed that, there'd instantly be a conflict with the neighbors. It wasn't even) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 178.801 Tm
(discussed.\253 The neighborhood mystics, who saw the neighborhood as the natural relationship of an) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 165.601 Tm
(urban person with his environment, stayed. The dropouts disappeared from the scene. The rest kept) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 152.401 Tm
(going, wanted to choose, and chose for the unnatural identity of uprooted ) Tj
1 0 0 1 396.06 152.401 Tm
(squatters.) Tj
/R14 13.2 Tf
1 0 0 1 73 122.901 Tm
( Becoming a squatter ) Tj
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(Michiel: \273We felt like young pups, fresh, compared to the older ones. They all dressed in dark clothes,) Tj
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(were marked by life, all had Palestinian scarves. We still wore long hair, of course.\253 Karel: \273Mine) Tj
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(came off after April 30. You'd hear all these stories about plainclothesmen driving through the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 704.2 Tm
(neighborhood with photo books of easily recognizable rock-throwers. Plus you'd seen that when you) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 691 Tm
(got arrested you were pulled into the vans by your hair. You'd see that a lot after big actions, that) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 677.8 Tm
(people's appearance would suddenly change.\253 The police cameras recorded the haircut you had left) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 664.6 Tm
(over from the 1970s, which gave you the occasion to modernize your personal style. At the same time) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 651.4 Tm
(it became necessary to disguise yourself during public activities with clothing which was as uniform) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 638.2 Tm
(as possible. The nondescriptness in front of the cameras which the squatters were able to achieve in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 625 Tm
(this manner, however, made them that much more conspicuous to onlookers. The print media also) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 611.8 Tm
(picked up this difference and emphasized it in visual design, to label the social problem with clearly) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 598.6 Tm
(identifiable faces. This is how a squatter was constructed and sharply distinguished from other city) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 585.4 Tm
(dwellers. And this while, in neighborhood squatting, domesticity and the normality of the \273new) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 572.2 Tm
(residents\253 was being pushed into the ) Tj
1 0 0 1 235.373 572.2 Tm
(foreground.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 548 Tm
(Stephan: \273When we started up our squat consultation hour at the beginning of 1980, we got a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 534.8 Tm
(typewriter and some tables right away from the community center. All the information about vacancy) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 521.6 Tm
(and owners they received, they passed along to us.\253 Karel: \273At the consultation hour neighborhood) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 508.4 Tm
(residents came by a lot with that kind of information too. We squatted regularly for families from) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 495.2 Tm
(Surinam who'd just come over, because the situation there was getting more and more uncertain. And) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 482 Tm
(that was where I first experienced everyday racism too, in one of those streets full of respectable) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 468.8 Tm
(poverty.\253 Free swimming in normality bumped up against borders,* once it could no longer be) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 455.6 Tm
(concealed that squatters were involved in very different things than the people down the street, and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 442.401 Tm
(neither of the two groups were prepared to accommodate in the long term. \273They talk about changing) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 429.201 Tm
(the world, but when you realize how difficult it is to change one street...\253 Neighborhood squatting was) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 416.001 Tm
(thus inclined to withdraw into itself, and the image the neighbors had of it became accepted as one of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 402.801 Tm
(the boundaries you had to take into ) Tj
1 0 0 1 228.344 402.801 Tm
(account.) Tj
/R21 13.2 Tf
1 0 0 1 73 373.301 Tm
( The \273lightning strike\253* ) Tj
/R21 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 343.801 Tm
(By the end of 1980, a new \273means of communication\253 had been developed. \273The lightning strike is) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 330.601 Tm
(not an alternative for a riot, but an opportunity to break out of your own powerlessness on the street by) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 317.401 Tm
(determining your own movements. The ideology of it is not that the police are your most significant) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 304.201 Tm
(enemy, but the network of people who are responsible for property development and speculation. By) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 291.001 Tm
(taking action against a banker, architect or real estate agent you're taking on the guilty ) Tj
1 0 0 1 454.085 291.001 Tm
(parties.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 266.801 Tm
(The \273lightning strike\253 was referred to for the first time as such at the \273Close Dodewaard\253 blockade) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 253.601 Tm
(during the fall holidays of 1980, against the nuclear plant in the city of that name. A month later the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 240.401 Tm
(threatened eviction of the Groote Wetering squat was completely dominated by this shift. \273It's cool.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 227.201 Tm
(You decide yourself what you're going to do and you choose your own methods. No) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 214.001 Tm
(plainclothesmen-paranoia, no endless bullshit meetings or long preparations. You're elusive and you) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 200.801 Tm
(don't attract attention with a small group of people. In a huge crowd you don't do anything; a few) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 187.601 Tm
(people throw rocks, thousands of people do nothing but yell chants: riot squad go ) Tj
1 0 0 1 431.832 187.601 Tm
(away.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 163.401 Tm
(Something had fundamentally changed in the street. The crowd had released its potential energy and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 150.201 Tm
(could no longer be whipped up. Insofar as anything still happened, it was done by people who had) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 137.001 Tm
(made the decision in advance and brought their own equipment. This professional attitude inevitably) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 123.801 Tm
(produced an audience which stood and watched, and encouraged a good show with ) Tj
1 0 0 1 439.412 123.801 Tm
(cheering.) Tj
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(\273Someone told me very happily that they'd just thrown kilos of tomatoes with a group of people. They) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 730.6 Tm
(used a point system. One point for a riot van \(the easiest\), to four points for running military police.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 717.4 Tm
(He was just on his way back to the greengrocer.\253 From now on passersby were used for the purpose of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 704.2 Tm
(blending in. The too-slow crowd, unleashed by the lightning strike, could pick up speed again. On a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 691 Tm
(visit to the Friesland-Groningen Mortgage Bank: \273The action was so lightning fast \(in 30 seconds it) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 677.8 Tm
(was done\), even we were surprised. We all walked into the office, left flyers, paint, smoke and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 664.6 Tm
(bewildered employees behind. We tinkered with the electricity too. Then we went back outside fast) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 651.4 Tm
(and dispersed.\253 This was not a case of being overcome. The impulse to let yourself be swept away by) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 638.2 Tm
(a grandiose event and radically liberate yourself from your own will was no longer part of the game.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 625 Tm
(This loss was converted into a gain: now you could determine personally what you did and didn't) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 611.8 Tm
(want to do, once it had been established that something had to be done. The action was no longer an) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 598.6 Tm
(occurrence you went along with as a matter of course, but a \273choice,\253 a word never before included in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 585.4 Tm
(the squatters' vocabulary. The progress of a mass action in the street couldn't be controlled; at most it) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 572.2 Tm
(could be influenced. Too, then, such an action could always turn against you, leading to brawls and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 559 Tm
(arrests. The lightning strike was a reaction to this capricious course of events. The possibility of a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 545.8 Tm
(catastrophic fragmentation of the crowd through violence from outside was prevented when one) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 532.6 Tm
(fragmented the event oneself. The large-scale confrontation around a symbol was supported by doing) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 519.4 Tm
(economic damage elsewhere: \273Let 1000 windows ) Tj
1 0 0 1 293.398 519.4 Tm
(shatter.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 495.2 Tm
(The idea was to bring all possible connections with the casus to light \(banks, attorneys, real estate) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 482 Tm
(agents, security companies\). And this not by bringing charges against them, but by dealing with them) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 468.8 Tm
(in turn. Every strike could be separately controlled, and derived its meaning from the larger context) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 455.6 Tm
(within which it occurred. The lightning strike was introduced as a gimmick to attract attention for the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 442.401 Tm
(press release. With the lightning strike also came the tendency of making one's own propaganda out) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 429.201 Tm
(of the event, to prod others into doing their own actions. The strike then only made sense if it appeared) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 416.001 Tm
(in the ) Tj
1 0 0 1 98.4999 416.001 Tm
(media.) Tj
/R28 13.2 Tf
1 0 0 1 73 386.501 Tm
( Revenge ) Tj
/R28 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 357.001 Tm
(This type of lightning strike was devoid of any strategy or tactics. \273Once again a visit to Bakker in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 343.801 Tm
(which his car changes color. In retrospect not so favorable for publicity, because it gives him the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 330.601 Tm
(opportunity to act pathetic for three-quarters of a page in the newspaper. But we've gotten out some of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 317.401 Tm
(our tensions and frustrations and that's worth something too.\253 Revenge needs no legitimation. It can) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 304.201 Tm
(exist without rationality. It can, to be sure, be curbed or delayed, through discussions over the pros and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 291.001 Tm
(cons of getting someone back, but never prevented. Revenge combined the impulsive character of the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 277.801 Tm
(lightning strike with the permanence of a scar. It had a better memory and more patience than mere) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 264.601 Tm
(arguments. It was rooted in hard information which had built up around a building or person. Revenge) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 251.401 Tm
(robbed them of the protection of their role in society, it placed the culprits outside their political,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 238.201 Tm
(economic or social framework and reverted to an elementary form of individual responsibility.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 225.001 Tm
(Revenge was thus always very specifically aimed; this distinguished it from the economic-damage) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 211.801 Tm
(principle, which was out for ) Tj
1 0 0 1 197.478 211.801 Tm
(quantity.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 187.601 Tm
(In addition it ensured that you weren't blocked by the frustration which unavoidably comes up in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 174.401 Tm
(confrontations with higher powers. Feelings of revenge are a constant source of inventiveness. \273After) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 161.201 Tm
(a drink, pissing in a property owner's mailbox, sending bedbugs in an envelope, having a cold buffet) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 148.001 Tm
(for 12 people at fl 28 a head delivered, half an hour later a disco show at fl 1500, followed a day later) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 134.801 Tm
(by a funeral wreath.\253 Undefendable as revenge was in the context of bigger actions, there were) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 121.601 Tm
(enough justifiable lightning strikes to ensure that it would not ALLEEN KOMEN TE STAAN. The) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 108.401 Tm
(lightning strike must prove that it is not \273blind\253 revenge to head off bad press. To this end it used the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 95.201 Tm
(press release. Revenge itself was not concerned with media attention. Stronger still, \273you try to keep) Tj
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(squatter identity needed ) Tj
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(substance.) Tj
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(objectors' hunger strike, porn, Rotterdam harbor strikers, the van Bossestraat, Startbahn-west,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 717.4 Tm
(dictatorship in Uruguay, students' aktions, vigilantes, Dev Sol, mobile home residents, a Whitsun) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 704.2 Tm
(weekend against nuclear energy, axions against German multinationals, the TOTALO-LIJST*, the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 691 Tm
(animal liberation front, arms for El Salvador, NATO's Reforger exercises, criminalization in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 677.8 Tm
(Switzerland, the PASTORIE of Zwaag, squat-guard agencies, builders for Nicaragua, technology as a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 664.6 Tm
(weapon, Nolympics, old people's homes under threat, the patriarchy, abolishing apartheid, Kurds, the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 651.4 Tm
(squatted Hafenstrasse in Hamburg, low intensity conflicts, the straight man syndrome, the Moonies,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 638.2 Tm
(infiltrants, children, squatting in \273Utreg\253, Moluccans, WYKTEAMS, the OEVERLANDEN, a demo) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 625 Tm
(for the Palestinians, nuclear transport, security services, runaway ) Tj
1 0 0 1 359.683 625 Tm
(homes.) Tj
/R180 13.2 Tf
1 0 0 1 73 595.5 Tm
( The ONBENOEMBAREN/unclassifiables ) Tj
/R180 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 566 Tm
(They kept going on, succeeded in never choosing to. Without exaggerated hassle they managed to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 552.8 Tm
(keep their radical naivet. They followed the ideological debates in the squatters' papers, but shrank) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 539.6 Tm
(from the obligation to apply it to themselves. But they were available for any cause. They'd cook for it) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 526.4 Tm
(in their restaurants, set collection pots on the bars of their coffeeshops, watch the videos, go to all the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 513.2 Tm
(benefits, come help fix a house up here and there, march at all the demonstrations, help refugees find) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 500 Tm
(shelter and stand up for European nomads when they happened to be struck down. Everyone was) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 486.8 Tm
(welcome. Their tolerance and acceptance of the other was boundless, till the bomb exploded and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 473.6 Tm
(gigantic fistfights broke out. But those were forgotten in a couple of ) Tj
1 0 0 1 373.158 473.601 Tm
(days.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 449.401 Tm
(They'd been earning honorary membership for years from Social Services, on which they expended) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 436.201 Tm
(too much energy, owing to their aversion to authority and their chaotic nature. With utter abandon) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 423.001 Tm
(they devoted their existence to supporting activities, to which they devoted all their time. The) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 409.801 Tm
(productive sector with its professional mentality inspired great distrust in them, since it drove prices) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 396.601 Tm
(way up. Their distaste for economics made anything above fl 3 suspect. They stayed healthy in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 383.401 Tm
(connection with the scene through saunas, swimming, massages and tai-chi, but just as easily drank) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 370.201 Tm
(the night away on a line of speed. The apocalyptic variant, out to take self-destruction to melodramatic) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 357.001 Tm
(heights, lived in their midst, but they themselves took it all the way only sporadically. Their capacity) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 343.801 Tm
(for active forgetfulness prevented them from going under in these excesses. They lived in a timeless) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 330.601 Tm
(ambiance, which made them immune to the wave of success which washed over the ) Tj
1 0 0 1 443.393 330.601 Tm
(1980s.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 306.401 Tm
(They were the object of the machinations of the strategists, who tried to put the actions that needed) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 293.201 Tm
(doing into a \273political\253 perspective. Their years of consistently living in the present made every) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 280.001 Tm
(argument in which a historical continuity was explained simply a pretty story from which not a single) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 266.801 Tm
(conclusion had to be drawn. Every action stood completely alone; there was nothing to learn from it) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 253.601 Tm
(for a future occasion. The discussion afterwards was simply the cloud released after the clash. They) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 240.401 Tm
(managed to shirk any pressure to become different than they were, by clinging, against all previous) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 227.201 Tm
(agreements, to a behavioral code too amorphous to possibly define. The strategic thinkers claimed) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 214.001 Tm
(they had to reactivate them over and over, to entice them into contributing to the impression \273that so) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 200.801 Tm
(much is happening again.\253 They made up the ) Tj
1 0 0 1 273.554 200.801 Tm
(movement.) Tj
/R180 13.2 Tf
1 0 0 1 73 171.301 Tm
( The propaganda of the attitude ) Tj
/R180 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 141.801 Tm
(Michiel got into antimilitarism: \273The appeal of Onkruit wasn't so much the hatred of militarism, but) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 128.601 Tm
(the prospect of the uncompromising revolt you can wage against the army. You didn't have to mess) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 115.401 Tm
(with eviction dates and other people interfering. Activism would be much more difficult with, say,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 102.201 Tm
(men's liberation. Militarism is the perfect area and the military are perfect opponents besides because) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 89.0012 Tm
(they do exactly what you want them to do; they're so rigid.\253 Onkruit was initially a nationally) Tj
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/R187 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 743.8 Tm
(organized group of \273total objectors\253 who did \273pick-up actions\253 with friends, to make their arrests the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 730.6 Tm
(most radical and clear-cut events possible. Later the national structure was dissolved, in order to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 717.4 Tm
(literalize Onkruit's slogan that it was \273not an action group but a group of actions\253 against militarism) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 704.2 Tm
(in general. A brochure stated: \273There is a great field of people around Onkruit who are somehow) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 691 Tm
(ready for more radical action but who aren't yet doing it. People project their hopes onto Onkruit or) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 677.8 Tm
(write a letter asking how they can join. It isn't like that, it's about forming a group yourself.\253 The) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 664.6 Tm
(local groups opened a post office box where you could apply to become a member. Total objectors) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 651.4 Tm
(continued to work within the framework of these groups, but others, \273with their roots in the squatters') Tj
1 0 0 1 71 638.2 Tm
(movement,\253 did their own actions on the ) Tj
1 0 0 1 253.71 638.2 Tm
(side.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 614 Tm
(Michiel: \273With squatting you always had to deal with purchasing, requisitioning and who knows what,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 600.8 Tm
(a much shadier area. Changing the public housing authority is less insane, is always a little closer to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 587.6 Tm
(home. We didn't want any changes in the defense budget. Stealing a secret makes it public, destroying) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 574.4 Tm
(something destroys it; that was the kind of change we wanted. There is an essential difference between) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 561.2 Tm
(squat and Onkruit actions, though there's no opposition between them. Throwing a paint bomb at an) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 548 Tm
(F-16, the action is the act and everything that comes after it its completion. The police and whatever,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 534.8 Tm
(that's not part of the action anymore. If you compare it with forcing a riot in the street, there the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 521.6 Tm
(confrontation with the police is the act. Another attraction was the the combination of illegality, from) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 508.4 Tm
(doing actions at night to stealing secrets, and seeking publicity through the press, exhibitions and ) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 495.2 Tm
(schoolrooms.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 471 Tm
(By definition, the army cannot be defeated, but that wasn't the point. \273We always said, in the 60s and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 457.8 Tm
(70s people thought revolution was possible, that society can be fundamentally reformed. That's) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 444.6 Tm
(bullshit. All you can do is what you do yourself, with each other. You shouldn't neglect doing it,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 431.401 Tm
(because it will make life for you and those around you more pleasant; you're keeping your dignity,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 418.201 Tm
(you're not just sheep, you're creating something yourself. At Onkruit meetings the obsession was,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 405.001 Tm
(how do we create another event that will appeal to the imagination? With squatting it was really) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 391.801 Tm
(difficult to plan what was going to happen, there were a lot more things possible than lightning strikes) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 378.601 Tm
(on real estate agents, lawyers and so ) Tj
1 0 0 1 233.514 378.601 Tm
(on.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 354.401 Tm
(Merely pursuing an unattainable goal, by sawing down RTV antennas or breaking into warehouses,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 341.201 Tm
(did not supply enough motivation. The actions had to be seen as components of a diffuse whole that) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 328.001 Tm
(could be achieved: \273We had more ideas than, we're only doing our action. Once a whole lot of people) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 314.801 Tm
(start to do things like us, then a lot will change in Holland. We don't demand that change, but realize) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 301.601 Tm
(it ourselves through our action. Stealing and publishing documents, we thought, that will help a lot of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 288.401 Tm
(people, give them more self-confidence in their own lives, too. You were showing that you weren't) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 275.201 Tm
(powerless, that you were perfectly capable of doing something, that you didn't always have to bend.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 262.001 Tm
(For us it was very much about people's attitudes. If lots of groups like Onkruit spring up, if for once) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 248.801 Tm
(people would get up the nerve and directly stand up against what upset them or bugged them, Holland) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 235.601 Tm
(would be a lot nicer place to live; that would be fascinating...and in our wildest fantasies that isn't) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 222.401 Tm
(limited to militarism. If everyone starts to short-circuit electric wires, then you have more than just a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 209.201 Tm
(counterpower with a whole infrastructure like the squat movement; it's much more an ) Tj
1 0 0 1 451.962 209.201 Tm
(attitude.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 185.001 Tm
(The action was consciously a goal in itself. It was not aimed chiefly at the adversary or the outside) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 171.801 Tm
(world, but attempted to reach potential imitators. The \273huge field\253 of people in Holland who would) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 158.601 Tm
(take over the activism created the feeling that the movement was snowballing, what someone from) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 145.401 Tm
(Onkruit once called \273broadening from the inside out.\253 The media were essential in reaching these) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 132.201 Tm
(people. Michiel: \273It wasn't about the act, it was about the registered act. You can define it like this: we) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 119.001 Tm
(considered Onkruit actions a failure if they hadn't played some role in the media. And we always) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 105.801 Tm
(made sure the media were present. Just like with squatting, a lot of time was put into the press groups) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 92.6011 Tm
(and press contacts. Your performance had to be good enough that just through a description your ideas) Tj
ET
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/R194 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 743.8 Tm
(would still come out. Just like it was later: if you just give your activist group a clear name, then at) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 730.6 Tm
(least that gets into the paper.\253 The media were not used to portray a specific political goal as worth) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 717.4 Tm
(pursuing; they served to disseminate a mentality. Nevertheless, it was first propagated among those) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 704.2 Tm
(who carried out the actions: \273If we succeed in obtaining and keeping space for humanity, friendship,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 691 Tm
(initiative and love, then we can carry on indefinitely,\253 reads an internal article. Furthermore,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 677.8 Tm
(\273Through strong internal involvement, the greater emotional bond and suppressing childish behavior) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 664.6 Tm
(you reduce the chance of stupid leaks and infiltration.\253 Social control in the group caused the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 651.4 Tm
(mentality to become a ) Tj
1 0 0 1 171.21 651.4 Tm
(requirement.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 627.2 Tm
(Thus, out of the \273group of actions,\253 a small group separated itself, people who knew each other) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 614 Tm
(thoroughly and possessed equal amounts of activist savvy. The media, the target of the activism, for) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 600.8 Tm
(they passed news of the group's activities through to the outside world, slowly but surely served to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 587.6 Tm
(legitimize the group's chosen isolation from then on. The message the group began transmitting said:) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 574.4 Tm
(you can't participate in our kind of actions, but you can copy them, if you've studied our zines to find) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 561.2 Tm
(out how we did them. They legitimized the actions to themselves through the evidence that \273more and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 548 Tm
(more people are joining in\253 to do similiar actions. But at the same time they were constantly searching) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 534.8 Tm
(for new modes of action, ones that would would speak to the imagination. Besides, reporters stayed) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 521.6 Tm
(home from performances they'd already seen somewhere ) Tj
1 0 0 1 326.057 521.6 Tm
(else.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 497.4 Tm
(The inside media served to export behavioral codes to other scenes. The emotional energy released in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 484.2 Tm
(the group, which was unable to leave it, precipitated in testimonies which illustrated the progress of a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 471 Tm
(heavy action in detail and analyzed its outcome. But propaganda was also consistently made, towards) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 457.8 Tm
(the collective processing of the internal experience at the front: \273With churning stomachs, sweaty) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 444.6 Tm
(hands, we got together. Got talking. That conversation was so good because we talked about fear in a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 431.401 Tm
(really open way. Fearless macho men had no chance at all. It was very difficult at this action to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 418.201 Tm
(estimate what the results would be for your own life, and that made everyone pretty insecure.\253 So as) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 405.001 Tm
(not to scare away readers, direct action, after the steel doors of bunkers were burned open, was defined) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 391.801 Tm
(as: \273that you say what you think, that you skip down the street if you're happy, that you cry if you're) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 378.601 Tm
(sad. That you trust that you achieve more with honesty and sincerity, by being yourself, than by taking) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 365.401 Tm
(a stand and trying to wake people ) Tj
1 0 0 1 221.612 365.401 Tm
(up.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 341.201 Tm
(The goal of the action was to get \273the movement\253 underway; it had to exploit the media sphere for) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 328.001 Tm
(conveyance of the impulses it released. The crowd it was aiming at was that of the supposed spectators) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 314.801 Tm
(and the scenes. In the crowd in the street, energy broke loose in a chaotic production that made the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 301.601 Tm
(most remarkable connections possible. The group that combined its energy in the group process of the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 288.401 Tm
(action could only bring about connections with \273the wildest fantasies.\253 The real crowd, as it appears at) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 275.201 Tm
(evictions, airshows and other spectacles, had become just as foreign to it as the scenes in other) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 262.001 Tm
(squatters' bars. \273You keep seeing fewer people and lose interest in other ) Tj
1 0 0 1 392.672 262.001 Tm
(scenes.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 237.801 Tm
(Antimilitarism, which was chosen because there one couldn't get stuck in the red tape of changing) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 224.601 Tm
(governmental policy, ultimately got bogged down in the feedback of the group process. It started with:) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 211.401 Tm
(\273The good thing is you can do your own things with your own group. You can keep closest to your) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 198.201 Tm
(feelings and experiences that way. Besides that, for a lot of people being concerned with how you) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 185.001 Tm
(work together, how the labor process runs, how you live with each other, is a revolutionary goal in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 171.801 Tm
(itself. A point at which more can be achieved in small, safe groups.\253 And it ended with \273the stupid) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 158.601 Tm
(fucking stress in anarchist groups\253: \273the danger of independent groups' so easily working parallel to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 145.401 Tm
(each other, the lack of discussion. Initiative just blows away. Politics are no longer made. Some) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 132.201 Tm
(people glorify this, but in fact become locked up in their own groups, and no longer take responsibility) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 119.001 Tm
(for how the action comes across, what it's meant to achieve, how the movement should continue.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 105.801 Tm
(Michiel: \273At one point we started to really take 'trust in your own power' literally. When you shut) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 92.601 Tm
(yourself off like that and only work with each other, that's limited.\253 \273Going on\253 got bogged down in) Tj
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/R201 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 743.8 Tm
(group ) Tj
1 0 0 1 99.413 743.8 Tm
(dynamics.) Tj
/R201 13.2 Tf
1 0 0 1 73 714.3 Tm
( Tourist at your own action ) Tj
/R201 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 684.8 Tm
(Big objects demanded big actions. A small group would decide that a nuclear plant or launch site had) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 671.6 Tm
(to be shut down and seek allies to organize this in a couple of days. The Dutch population had) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 658.4 Tm
(declared itself in accord with this in the opinion polls. Enough demonstrations; the activists decided to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 645.2 Tm
(really go all out for once. The managers of the action were meeting months ahead of time to determine) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 632 Tm
(the days' programs and put together the facilities package \(KADUKI beans/punk bands/brass bands) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 618.8 Tm
(and puppet theaters/first aid kits\)*. Publicity flyers with maps were distributed and the real media) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 605.6 Tm
(were tipped so they could begin the baiting, while the underground papers just had to mess around a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 592.4 Tm
(bit with the arguments. The activists dropped by to inform the regular clientele and kept their eyes) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 579.2 Tm
(peeled for new market segments for the coming event. The organizers grew into their role, quite happy) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 566 Tm
(with their ) Tj
1 0 0 1 116.221 566 Tm
(responsibility.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 541.8 Tm
(So potential participants wouldn't be scared away, \273the violence discussion\253 was gone over one more) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 528.6 Tm
(time. The fixed outcome was that the principle of nonviolence would, in principle, be upheld. The) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 515.4 Tm
(leaders of the action had to make sure the tour parties of diverse plumage were kept separated so they) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 502.2 Tm
(wouldn't go interfering with each other. Practical experience had taught that mingling of the sitting) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 489 Tm
(and running segments of the crowd always worked out to the disadvantage of the sitters. In order to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 475.8 Tm
(make the blockade attractive to both target groups, a festive or spectacular mood was promised.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 462.6 Tm
(Registration for the weekend would be ) Tj
1 0 0 1 244.525 462.601 Tm
(open.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 438.401 Tm
(And then the chatter began about the deeper purpose of the trek: are we going to experience real things) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 425.201 Tm
(on this outing, or are we just taking a trip inside our own heads? In the motor coach operator' terms,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 412.001 Tm
(the first variant in the blockade was \273effective\253 and the second \273symbolic\253. But strangely enough, it) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 398.801 Tm
(was the nonviolent symbolists who wanted to make optimal use of the impending traffic jam; with) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 385.601 Tm
(rosters they made sure the access roads were guarded 24 hours a day. Then the radicals, who actually) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 372.401 Tm
(would have liked to seal off the chosen industrial park, knew it was destined again not to be, because) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 359.201 Tm
(there were too many symbolists hanging around. That was a reason to concentrate on one gate as a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 346.001 Tm
(symbol for the whole complex. This could be torn down to the ground, should the opportunity present ) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 332.801 Tm
(itself.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 308.601 Tm
(The day dawned, the day everyone had looked forward to for so long. To really make it complete, a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 295.401 Tm
(piece of ground, allocated by the authorities, was squatted. Then the third group entered the picture:) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 282.201 Tm
(the action tourists, who would spontaneously provide the necessary broadening. Befitting their) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 269.001 Tm
(touristic attitude, up to now they hadn't concerned themselves with organizing the trip. They knew) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 255.801 Tm
(nothing of the previous arrangements made, and when they made inquiries into it, they were referred) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 242.601 Tm
(through to task groups about which they had no clue. They hadn't read the underground media either,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 229.401 Tm
(but had apparently been lucky enough to get offered a last-minute ticket since there were still a few) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 216.201 Tm
(places left, with the assurance that the weather forecast was good. They stepped carefree into the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 203.001 Tm
(coaches and were driven to woods and meadows, where the fully-equipped campsite ) Tj
1 0 0 1 445.824 203.001 Tm
(awaited.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 178.801 Tm
(Once there, they took a stroll around to inspect the scenes arranged by gate. Naturally, they ran into) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 165.601 Tm
(acquaintances from previous trips, or were attracted by the relaxed atmosphere to the campfire that the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 152.401 Tm
(heavies kindled at nightfall. That was often the only place where the unorganized day trippers could) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 139.201 Tm
(get anything to drink. By that time, boredom had noticeably set in. The raised expectations had not) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 126.001 Tm
(been fulfilled, so they decided to provide some action themselves. They started messing with fences or) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 112.801 Tm
(riot vans and refused to be distracted by the reasonable activists, who believed in the effectiveness of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 99.6011 Tm
(keeping agreements. When the other side finally reacted, in a flash the adventurous tourists met the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 86.4011 Tm
(talk-weary radicals, who badly needed to work off the frustration of the preparatory ) Tj
1 0 0 1 441.842 86.4011 Tm
(meetings.) Tj
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(The effect of this chain reaction was staggering, in intensity as well as duration. Once the riot broke) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 730.6 Tm
(out the organizers and their synmpathizers felt reduced to tourists at their own action. This was what) Tj
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(would become the media event. There was no excuse for this. Whole platoons of riot police were put) Tj
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(through the meat-grinder. Miles of fence went down. The guests who had appeared out of nowhere) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 691 Tm
(threw their own bodies into the fray, for hours on end and blind to the risks, heedless of the amount of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 677.8 Tm
(violence they unleashed in the process. And they had shrieking fits of laughter...This had no place) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 664.6 Tm
(whatsoever in the painstakingly developed travel ethic. The only thing the leaders could think of was) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 651.4 Tm
(calling a halt to the blockade via communication tolerated by the police. In vain, of course. When they) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 638.2 Tm
(didn't want to distance themselves from the revelers later after all, they were forced to pin the event) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 625 Tm
(on the police, who were exercising \273more power all the time.\253 The possibility that \273people in the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 611.8 Tm
(movement\253 could be using the riot police in a game in which they dictated the rules fell outside the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 598.6 Tm
(tour guides' scope of ) Tj
1 0 0 1 166.315 598.6 Tm
(vision.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 574.4 Tm
(The weekend had been intended to give the term \273movement\253 substance in the eye of the media, in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 561.2 Tm
(the hope that new groups would join in. The big action was seen as the lowest common denominator) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 548 Tm
(of the scenes, but they were already living in completely different worlds. The convergence had been) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 534.8 Tm
(supposed to release new energy, yet, however it was organized, unavoidably took on a touristy) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 521.6 Tm
(character. Therefore, like any vacation, it would remain without any consequence whatsoever. After) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 508.4 Tm
(two weeks the battle would provide fodder for conversation. What remained in the long term was) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 495.2 Tm
(concern over the unpredictable tourists \273from outside,\253 who dared to act. This would manifest itself in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 482 Tm
(even tighter organization at the next ) Tj
1 0 0 1 232.304 482 Tm
(three-dayer.) Tj
/R208 13.2 Tf
1 0 0 1 73 452.501 Tm
( The restorers ) Tj
/R208 11 Tf
1 0 0 1 71 423.001 Tm
(More and more people quit bothering with squatting. \273These objectors haven't the inclination, the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 409.801 Tm
(time, the priorities. They discover their studies, femaleness \(maleness\), work, relationships,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 396.601 Tm
(unemployment, antimilitarism, antifascism, and so on. In short: after years of subservience to the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 383.401 Tm
('massive and powerful movement,' now they're into their own individuality.\253 This was an analysis of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 370.201 Tm
(the squatters' movement three years after the Groote Keyser. A group of veterans appointed) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 357.001 Tm
(themselves about this time to save the squatters' movement from its downfall. They were irritated by) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 343.801 Tm
(the \273squatting is more than just living\253 adherents, who were moreover cocky enough to have an) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 330.601 Tm
(opinion about them. The seniors dismissed this opinion as \273delusions of bosses\253; that is to say, the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 317.401 Tm
(ex-squatters saw ghosts who wanted to grab the power within the squatters' movement for themselves.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 304.201 Tm
(But, said the bosses, we don't exist, we want nothing more than to \273coach inexperienced press groups) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 291.001 Tm
(for their radio or TV premiere.\253 According to them the wrong subjects had been whined about for too) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 277.801 Tm
(long at meetings and in weeklies and squatting had gotten bogged down in \273adolescent bickering.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 264.601 Tm
(The constructors from day one therefore took it upon themselves to purge the squatters' movement of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 251.401 Tm
(the ) Tj
1 0 0 1 87.1919 251.401 Tm
(\273movement.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 227.201 Tm
(\273In past years squatters' discussions at the City Conference were screwed up too often by people with) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 214.001 Tm
(frustrations and other interests.\253 For this reason they called a meeting in the closed sphere for \273people) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 200.801 Tm
(of the opinion that the action structures must be restored in any way \(squat consultation hours, means) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 187.601 Tm
(of communication, neighborhood gatherings, flyers, alarm lines, squatters' bars, contacts with other) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 174.401 Tm
(action and neighborhood groups, etc.\).\253 When their plans for discussion leaked out, they felt obliged) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 161.201 Tm
(to give the meeting an open character, but \273we can't discuss with 400 people at one ) Tj
1 0 0 1 441.567 161.201 Tm
(time.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 137.001 Tm
(In the necessary selection phase beforehand, an oppositional group susbequently formed and started) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 123.801 Tm
(among themselves to \273talk and think about the movement in the broadest sense of the word,\253 in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 110.601 Tm
(response to the rumor of the \273bosses' conference.\253 The bosses themselves promptly paid the group a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 97.4011 Tm
(visit. \273A point of discord that night was the atmosphere, the way people were talking,\253 the hosts) Tj
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(indignantly stated in their report. \273If you wanted to say anything you had to have a well constructed,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 730.6 Tm
(argued story. This demand, by the way, is also one of the biggest criticisms of them.\253 After this, the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 717.4 Tm
(veterans decided to abandon their attempts at ) Tj
1 0 0 1 272.322 717.4 Tm
(reconstruction.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 693.2 Tm
(Only a year later did they reappear in the media. They published the legendary discussion piece,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 680 Tm
(\273Squatting or GRUTTEN,\253 which would be talked and written to death for years to come in the squat) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 666.8 Tm
(papers. It was meant as a manifesto for the resurrection of the City Conference of Squat Groups,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 653.6 Tm
(known as SOK '84. In contrast to before, this was to be a closed meeting, for which a number of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 640.4 Tm
(people from each neighborhood would be specifically invited to meet weekly. In Squatting or) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 627.2 Tm
(GRUTTEN the restoration was no longer seen as merely a daring technical exploit of organizational) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 614 Tm
(science; squatting was provided with content, which subsequently had to be cleansed of weird ) Tj
1 0 0 1 487.404 614 Tm
(stains.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 589.8 Tm
(To \273restore and strengthen the skeleton of the organization,\253 history first had to be reinterpreted, to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 576.6 Tm
(make it clear that squatting had essentially been \273confrontation politics\253 and had to become so again.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 563.4 Tm
(Around the bare bones of the action structures, according to the diagnosis, were \273squat activities.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 550.2 Tm
(Considered thus, they made up the flesh of the squatting body. This body had originally put up a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 537 Tm
(playful resistance, but \273in 1978-79 came a turning point in response to a massacre in the Kinker) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 523.8 Tm
(district, where squatters, en masse but defenseless, got their asses kicked. The mood swung into a) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 510.6 Tm
(consistent defensive attitude, which was to determine the face of the Groote Keyser and of ) Tj
1 0 0 1 471.795 510.6 Tm
(1980.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 486.4 Tm
(From the outside world, this armored body with the defensive face took toward itself only substances) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 473.2 Tm
(which would strengthen it: \273Large groups of sympathizers outside the squat movement were) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 460 Tm
(mobilized by ceaseless confrontations, without \(as now\) making concessions to them first. Press and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 446.8 Tm
(politicians came to us, not the other way around.\253 In the body, the organs - the neighborhoods -) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 433.6 Tm
(functioned in harmony inside the armor; internally it had \273its own legal system\253: \273The squat structure) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 420.401 Tm
(built up then was recognized in the whole squat movement and did not have to be completely) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 407.201 Tm
(destroyed to depose an authoritarian boss. Criticism was aimed at the adversaries; self-criticism was) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 394.001 Tm
(not limited to destructive soul-searching.\253 The flesh wounds in the chest area came later, in the form) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 380.801 Tm
(of boss delusions. In the beginning the squatting body was still sound, pure, it trusted in its own) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 367.601 Tm
(strength and it knew no \273undigested fear, dejection, passivity and surrender.\253 Until something went) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 354.401 Tm
(wrong: it \273slid back to theater, fun and kicks which belied the gravity of the situation.\253 \273The fight) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 341.201 Tm
(was, as regards content, displaced more and more to the swampy provinces of work, justice, publicity) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 328.001 Tm
(and debate.\253 The body weakened on this slippery ground; \273We let our weapons slip out of our hands.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 314.801 Tm
(Nonetheless, with our hands free, we went unexpectedly back to work: \273Tool lending services, studio,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 301.601 Tm
(bicycle repair shop, carpentry workshop, printing press: under the protection of the squat) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 288.401 Tm
(movement\(s\), commerce and the alternative work ethic gradually grow ) Tj
1 0 0 1 386.259 288.401 Tm
(rampant.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 264.201 Tm
(Once stripped of its protection, through contact with the outside world, the disintegrating squat body) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 251.001 Tm
(became susceptible to the cancer of work. Other malignant diseases were bound to appear: \273In the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 237.801 Tm
(work culture you can work yourself to fuck to earn back the welfare payment you turned in. And then) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 224.601 Tm
(you have to go legal.\253 Owing to this last, the ravaged body was beseiged by \273hordes of attorneys who) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 211.401 Tm
(make a career out of squat cases\253 and \273undermine quite a bit of fighting ) Tj
1 0 0 1 391.154 211.401 Tm
(spirit.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 187.201 Tm
(After so many attacks on its health the body was bound to become emotionally insecure: \273The) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 174.001 Tm
(unpleasant feeling creeps over many a squatter that he or she isn't liked anymore.\253 According to the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 160.801 Tm
(doctors of the movement, however, this emotion was downright disgraceful: \273As if the press hasn't) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 147.601 Tm
(always been whiny and evil! \(and correspondingly more evil the vaguer we got\).\253 The cure for this) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 134.401 Tm
(corruption followed logically from this: the squat body needed to find clear boundaries again which) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 121.201 Tm
(would not be muddled by \273collaboration,\253 and the squat media would be the mouth of this new body) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 108.001 Tm
(\(\253megaphone and serving hatch.\253\). Confrontation politics as the squat movement ought to practice) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 94.801 Tm
(them were intended to transfer the emotional difficulties onto the adversary, by \273making the) Tj
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(politicians physically feel our stress.\253 Making deals with them, as the \273work-shy instant bosses are) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 730.6 Tm
(now doing, is rank ) Tj
1 0 0 1 155.634 730.6 Tm
(treason.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 706.4 Tm
(Surprisingly enough, this term was not applied to the successful negotiation for legalization of the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 693.2 Tm
(Grote Keyser, but only to failed discussions over a number of later squats. The old guard, which had) Tj
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(conferred with Labor Party leaders over the Keyser in late 1980, was even praised, as \273the vanguard) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 666.8 Tm
(who worked hard and steady for four long years to build up the squat movement.\253 But by the end of) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 653.6 Tm
(the 1980 season these pioneers \273had bitten off more than they could chew, got tired and partially) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 640.4 Tm
(pulled out.\253 The intent behind Squatting or GRUTTEN was not to help this old guard back into) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 627.2 Tm
(power, and \273just as little do we disapprove of the alternative business activity, the use of legal aid and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 614 Tm
(the publicity-seeking. It can only happen through politics!\253 These magic words would also restore the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 600.8 Tm
(sharp borders to the squat body; \273We have to try to throw out political lines that people and groups) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 587.6 Tm
(can orient themselves to.\253 Then the organs would be able to strengthen each other again: \273No) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 574.4 Tm
(reciprocal ban on action, but solidarity! But also: no internal lovers' spats, but militant ) Tj
1 0 0 1 454.14 574.4 Tm
(cooperation.\253) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 550.2 Tm
(After all this body language, the \273Amsterdam squatters,\253 as the restoration group had modestly) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 537 Tm
(designated itself, ended with the closing text: \273We don't stop with these words.\253 They announced the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 523.8 Tm
(incorporation of their practical work, discussions and contributions in \273a new practical squatters') Tj
1 0 0 1 71 510.6 Tm
(handbook.\253 This never appeared. They also announced a black book: \273It will settle the score with the) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 497.4 Tm
(old boy network, deals with property owners, speculators and police, betrayal, misuse of the squatters') Tj
1 0 0 1 71 484.2 Tm
(media for silly, apolitical things, commercial abuse of the squat movement. The statement will be) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 471 Tm
(harsh but just.\253 The black book never came. This restoration never got beyond the first impulse ) Tj
1 0 0 1 493.828 471 Tm
(either.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 446.8 Tm
(The failed attempt \273to kind of start fresh\253 saw \273going on\253 in squatting as a cyclical movement: once) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 433.6 Tm
(every few years the body of the squat movement had to go through a regeneration, otherwise it would) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 420.401 Tm
(become sick, weak, sluggish. The work on the body necessary for the periodic reconstruction,) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 407.201 Tm
(however, had to be strictly distinguished from working for others, for money. It was no accident that) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 394.001 Tm
(the restorers' fury focused on squatters' coffeshop \273The Piggy,\253 which did pay taxes but did not) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 380.801 Tm
(provide activists with free coffee: money was the sludge in which the swines wallowed. The) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 367.601 Tm
(\273aggressive combat\253 of confrontation politics had to be directed at this mud, against everything) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 354.401 Tm
(revolving around money: \273bureaucracy, capital, corruption, speculation, you name it.\253 But the sludge) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 341.201 Tm
(appeared in another form: anti-money aggression was impeded by the \273introverted living cultures in) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 328.001 Tm
(the closed circuit of anti-active squatters.\253 These too were muddy: sludge was anything which made) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 314.801 Tm
(physical contact, which passed from hand to hand, whether it was money or snuggling ) Tj
1 0 0 1 453.502 314.801 Tm
(up.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 290.601 Tm
(It was the restoration group who had already come up with the slogan \273Squatting goes on\253 in 1980.) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 277.401 Tm
(Years later they wanted to purify this slogan of contamination through the \273Squatting is more than just) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 264.201 Tm
(living\253 credo. To that end, everything done in squats was associated with squalor. To let squatting go) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 251.001 Tm
(on it had to be detached from comfortable living, which led to treacherous softening. Whatever was) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 237.801 Tm
(screwed around with behind a pried-open front door, it could not take center stage, or it would) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 224.601 Tm
(constitute a threat to ongoing squatting. In order to make possible the separation of squatting and) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 211.401 Tm
(living, the restorers had to turn back to the time before people squatted en masse, when only \273right to) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 198.201 Tm
(live\253 existed, and virgin houses to be penetrated. The moment at which squatting began was by them) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 185.001 Tm
(proclaimed to be its essence. Actually squatting couldn't go on at all, because it couldn't help turning) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 171.801 Tm
(into living. To preclude this, it had to repeatedly start over. The term \273squatting\253 had to remain) Tj
1 0 0 1 71 158.601 Tm
(vacant, and the restorers named that vacancy ) Tj
1 0 0 1 270.771 158.601 Tm
(\273politics.\253) Tj
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